Yeni ve Geleneksel Kardiyovasküler Belirteçlerin Tanı ve Prognozdaki Rolü

Ezhar Ersöz

doi:10.5281/zenodo.15775963

Yazarlar

Ezhar Ersöz

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15775963

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklar, Geleneksel Biyobelirteçler, Yeni Nesil Biyobelirteçler

Özet

Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar (KVH), dünya genelinde en yaygın morbidite ve mortalite nedenlerinden biri olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu hastalıkların erken tanısı ve risk değerlendirmesinde klasik biyobelirteçlerin duyarlılık ve özgüllük açısından yetersiz kalması, daha spesifik ve etkili yeni biyobelirteçlerin araştırılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu derlemede henüz klinik rutine girmemiş ancak son yıllarda tanımlanmış iki yeni biyobelirteç olan İnterlökin-40 (IL-40) ve Stromal Hücre Türevli Faktör 4 (SDF4) ele alınmaktadır. IL-40, öncelikle B hücre aktivasyonunu düzenleyen, inflamatuvar yanıtların modülasyonunda görev alan yeni bir sitokin olarak tanımlanmıştır. Son dönem çalışmalarda, kardiyak doku hasarı ve vasküler inflamasyon ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. SDF4 ise, anjiyogenez ve endoplazmik retikulum kaynaklı stres yanıtlarına katılan, kardiyak rejenerasyonu destekleyebilecek özelliklere sahip bir protein olup, potansiyel bir prognostik ve terapötik hedef olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu biyobelirteçlerin hem serumda hem de perikardiyal sıvıda tespit edilebilir olması, kardiyovasküler riskin erken saptanması ve izlenmesi açısından klinik olarak önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu derlemede, IL-40 ve SDF4'ün moleküler mekanizmaları, kardiyovasküler hastalıklarla ilişkili güncel bulguları ve potansiyel klinik uygulamaları literatür ışığında kapsamlı şekilde tartışılmaktadır.

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